Excel 2016 Formulas (2016)
PART VII
Appendixes
· Appendix A: Excel Function Reference
· Appendix B: Using Custom Number Formats
Appendix A
Excel Function Reference
This appendix contains a complete listing of the Excel worksheet functions. The functions are arranged alphabetically in tables by categories used by the Insert Function dialog box.
For more information about a particular function, including its arguments, select the function in the Insert Function dialog box and click Help on This Function.
On the Web
An interactive workbook that contains this information is available at this book’s website. The filename is worksheet functions.xlsx.
Table A.1 Compatibility Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
BETADIST |
Returns the cumulative beta probability density function. |
BETAINV |
Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function. |
BINOMDIST |
Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability. |
CEILING |
Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
CHIDIST |
Returns the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
CHIINV |
Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
CHITEST |
Returns the test for independence. |
CONFIDENCE |
Returns the confidence interval for a population mean. |
COVAR |
Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations. |
CRITBINOM |
Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value. |
EXPONDIST |
Returns the exponential distribution. |
FDIST |
Returns the F probability distribution. |
FINV |
Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
FLOOR |
Rounds a number down, toward zero. |
FORECAST |
Predicts a future value along a linear trend. |
FTEST |
Returns the result of an F-test. |
GAMMADIST |
Returns the gamma distribution. |
GAMMAINV |
Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. |
HYPGEOMDIST |
Returns the hypergeometric distribution. |
LOGINV |
Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution. |
LOGNORMDIST |
Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution. |
MODE |
Returns the most common value in a data set. |
NEGBINOMDIST |
Returns the negative binomial distribution. |
NORMDIST |
Returns the normal cumulative distribution. |
NORMINV |
Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution. |
NORMSDIST |
Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
NORMSINV |
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
PERCENTILE |
Returns the kth percentile of values in a range. |
PERCENTRANK |
Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set. |
POISSON |
Returns the Poisson distribution. |
QUARTILE |
Returns the quartile of a data set. |
RANK |
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. |
STDEV |
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, ignoring text and logical values. |
STDEVP |
Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, ignoring text and logical values. |
TDIST |
Returns the Student’s t-distribution. |
TINV |
Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution. |
TTEST |
Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test. |
VAR |
Estimates variance based on a sample, ignoring logical values and text. |
VARP |
Calculates variance based on the entire population, ignoring logical values and text. |
WEIBULL |
Returns the Weibull distribution. |
ZTEST |
Returns the one-tailed p-value of a z-test. |
The functions in the Compatibility category all have new versions that were introduced in Excel 2010 or later. The old versions are still available for compatibility.
Table A.2 Cube Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
CUBEKPIMEMBER |
Returns a key performance indicator property and displays the name and property in the cell. |
CUBEMEMBER |
Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. |
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY |
Returns the value of a member property in the cube. |
CUBERANKEDMEMBER |
Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. |
CUBESET |
Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server. |
CUBESETCOUNT |
Returns the number of items in a set. |
CUBEVALUE |
Returns an aggregated value from a cube. |
Table A.3 Database Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
DAVERAGE |
Averages the values in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DCOUNT |
Counts the cells that contain numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DCOUNTA |
Counts the nonblank cells in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DGET |
Extracts a single value from a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify. |
DMAX |
Returns the largest number in a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify. |
DMIN |
Returns the smallest number in a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify. |
DPRODUCT |
Multiplies the values in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DSTDEV |
Estimates the standard deviation of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DSTDEVP |
Calculates the standard deviation of a population based on the entire population, using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DSUM |
Adds the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DVAR |
Estimates the variance of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
DVARP |
Calculates the variance of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify. |
Table A.4 Date & Time Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
DATE |
Returns the serial number of a particular date. |
DATEVALUE |
Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number. |
DAY |
Converts a serial number to a day of the month. |
DAYS** |
Returns the number of days between two dates. |
DAYS360 |
Calculates the number of days between two dates, based on a 360-day year. |
EDATE |
Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date. |
EOMONTH |
Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months. |
HOUR |
Converts a serial number to an hour. |
ISOWEEKNUM** |
Returns the ISO week number in the year for a given date. |
MINUTE |
Converts a serial number to a minute. |
MONTH |
Converts a serial number to a month. |
NETWORKDAYS |
Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates. |
NETWORKDAYS.INTL* |
Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates (international version). |
NOW |
Returns the serial number of the current date and time. |
SECOND |
Converts a serial number to a second. |
TIME |
Returns the serial number of a particular time. |
TIMEVALUE |
Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number. |
TODAY |
Returns the serial number of today’s date. |
WEEKDAY |
Converts a serial number to a day of the week. |
WEEKNUM |
Returns the week number in the year. |
WORKDAY |
Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays. |
WORKDAY.INTL* |
Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays (international version). |
YEAR |
Converts a serial number to a year. |
YEARFRAC |
Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between two dates. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2010.
** Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.5 Engineering Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
BESSELI |
Returns the modified Bessel function In(x). |
BESSELJ |
Returns the Bessel function Jn(x). |
BESSELK |
Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x). |
BESSELY |
Returns the Bessel function Yn(x). |
BIN2DEC |
Converts a binary number to decimal. |
BIN2HEX |
Converts a binary number to hexadecimal. |
BIN2OCT |
Converts a binary number to octal. |
BITAND** |
Returns a bitwise AND of two numbers. |
BITLSHIFT** |
Returns a value number shifted left by a specified number of bits. |
BITOR** |
Returns a bitwise OR of two numbers. |
BITRSHIFT** |
Returns a value number shifted right by a specified number of bits. |
BITXOR** |
Returns a bitwise Exclusive OR of two numbers. |
COMPLEX |
Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number. |
CONVERT |
Converts a number from one measurement system to another. |
DEC2BIN |
Converts a decimal number to binary. |
DEC2HEX |
Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal. |
DEC2OCT |
Converts a decimal number to octal. |
DELTA |
Tests whether two values are equal. |
ERF |
Returns the error function. |
ERF.PRECISE* |
Returns the error function. |
ERFC |
Returns the complementary error function. |
ERFC.PRECISE* |
Returns the complementary error function. |
GESTEP |
Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value. |
HEX2BIN |
Converts a hexadecimal number to binary. |
HEX2DEC |
Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal. |
HEX2OCT |
Converts a hexadecimal number to octal. |
IMABS |
Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number. |
IMAGINARY |
Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number. |
IMARGUMENT |
Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians. |
IMCONJUGATE |
Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number. |
IMCOS |
Returns the cosine of a complex number. |
IMCOSH** |
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number. |
IMCOT** |
Returns the cotangent of a complex number. |
IMCSC** |
Returns the cosecant of a complex number. |
IMCSCH** |
Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number. |
IMDIV |
Returns the quotient of two complex numbers. |
IMEXP |
Returns the exponential of a complex number. |
IMLN |
Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number. |
IMLOG10 |
Returns the base 10 logarithm of a complex number. |
IMLOG2 |
Returns the base 2 logarithm of a complex number. |
IMPOWER |
Returns a complex number raised to an integer power. |
IMPRODUCT |
Returns the product of complex numbers. |
IMREAL |
Returns the real coefficient of a complex number. |
IMSEC** |
Returns the secant of a complex number. |
IMSECH** |
Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number. |
IMSIN |
Returns the sine of a complex number. |
IMSINH** |
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number. |
IMSQRT |
Returns the square root of a complex number. |
IMSUB |
Returns the difference of two complex numbers. |
IMSUM |
Returns the sum of complex numbers. |
IMTAN** |
Returns the tangent of a complex number. |
OCT2BIN |
Converts an octal number to binary. |
OCT2DEC |
Converts an octal number to decimal. |
OCT2HEX |
Converts an octal number to hexadecimal. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2010.
** Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.6 Financial Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
ACCRINT |
Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest. |
ACCRINTM |
Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity. |
AMORDEGRC |
Returns the depreciation for each accounting period. |
AMORLINC |
Returns the depreciation for each accounting period. |
COUPDAYBS |
Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date. |
COUPDAYS |
Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date. |
COUPDAYSNC |
Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date. |
COUPNCD |
Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date. |
COUPNUM |
Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date. |
COUPPCD |
Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date. |
CUMIPMT |
Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods. |
CUMPRINC |
Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods. |
DB |
Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the fixed declining- balance method. |
DDB |
Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the double declining- balance method or some other method that you specify. |
DISC |
Returns the discount rate for a security. |
DOLLARDE |
Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price expressed as a decimal number. |
DOLLARFR |
Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price expressed as a fraction. |
DURATION |
Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments. |
EFFECT |
Returns the effective annual interest rate. |
FV |
Returns the future value of an investment. |
FVSCHEDULE |
Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates. |
INTRATE |
Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security. |
IPMT |
Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period. |
IRR |
Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows. |
ISPMT |
Returns the interest paid during a specific period. |
MDURATION |
Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100. |
MIRR |
Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates. |
NOMINAL |
Returns the annual nominal interest rate. |
NPER |
Returns the number of periods for an investment. |
NPV |
Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate. |
ODDFPRICE |
Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period. |
ODDFYIELD |
Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period. |
ODDLPRICE |
Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period. |
ODDLYIELD |
Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period. |
PDURATION* |
Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value. |
PMT |
Returns the periodic payment for an annuity. |
PPMT |
Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period. |
PRICE |
Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest. |
PRICEDISC |
Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security. |
PRICEMAT |
Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity. |
PV |
Returns the present value of an investment. |
RATE |
Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity. |
RECEIVED |
Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security. |
RRI* |
Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment. |
SLN |
Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period. |
SYD |
Returns the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period. |
TBILLEQ |
Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill. |
TBILLPRICE |
Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill. |
TBILLYIELD |
Returns the yield for a Treasury bill. |
VDB |
Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period using a double declining-balance method. |
XIRR |
Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic. |
XNPV |
Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic. |
YIELD |
Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest. |
YIELDDISC |
Returns the annual yield for a discounted security, for example, a Treasury bill. |
YIELDMAT |
Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.7 Information Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
CELL |
Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell. |
ERROR.TYPE |
Returns a number matching an error value. |
INFO |
Returns information about the current operating environment. |
ISBLANK |
Returns TRUE if the cell is empty. |
ISERR |
Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A. |
ISERROR |
Returns TRUE if the value is any error value. |
ISEVEN |
Returns TRUE if the number is even. |
ISFORMULA* |
Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula. |
ISLOGICAL |
Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value. |
ISNA |
Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value. |
ISNONTEXT |
Returns TRUE if the value is not text. |
ISNUMBER |
Returns TRUE if the value is a number. |
ISODD |
Returns TRUE if the number is odd. |
ISREF |
Returns TRUE if the value is a reference. |
ISTEXT |
Returns TRUE if the value is text. |
N |
Converts a non-number value to a number, a date to a serial number, TRUE to 1, and anything else to 0. |
NA |
Returns the error value #N/A. |
SHEET* |
Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet. |
SHEETS* |
Returns the number of sheets in a reference. |
TYPE |
Returns a number indicating the data type of a value. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.8 Logical Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
AND |
Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE. |
FALSE |
Returns the logical value FALSE. |
IF |
Specifies a logical test to perform. |
IFERROR |
Returns an alternate result if the first argument evaluates to an error. |
IFNA* |
Returns an alternate result if the first argument evaluates to #N/A. |
NOT |
Changes FALSE to TRUE and TRUE to FALSE. |
OR |
Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE. |
TRUE |
Returns the logical value TRUE. |
XOR* |
Returns a logical Exclusive OR of all arguments. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.9 Lookup & Reference Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
ADDRESS |
Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet. |
AREAS |
Returns the number of areas in a reference. |
CHOOSE |
Chooses a value from a list of values based on an index number. |
COLUMN |
Returns the column number of a reference. |
COLUMNS |
Returns the number of columns in a reference. |
FORMULATEXT* |
Returns the formula at the given reference as text. |
GETPIVOTDATA |
Returns data stored in a pivot table. |
HLOOKUP |
Searches for a value in the top row of a table and then returns a value in the same column from a row you specify. |
HYPERLINK |
Creates a shortcut that opens a document on your hard drive, a server, or the Internet. |
INDEX |
Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array. |
INDIRECT |
Returns a reference indicated by a text string. |
LOOKUP |
Returns a value from either a one-row or one-column range or from an array. |
MATCH |
Returns the relative position of an item in an array. |
OFFSET |
Returns a reference offset from a given reference. |
ROW |
Returns the row number of a reference. |
ROWS |
Returns the number of rows in a reference. |
RTD |
Returns real-time data from a program that supports COM automation. |
TRANSPOSE |
Returns the transpose of an array. |
VLOOKUP |
Searches for a value in the leftmost column of a table and then returns a value in the same row from a column you specify in the table. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.10 Math & Trig Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
ABS |
Returns the absolute value of a number. |
ACOS |
Returns the arccosine of a number. |
ACOSH |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
ACOT** |
Returns the arccotangent of a number. |
ACOTH** |
Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number. |
AGGREGATE* |
Returns an aggregate in a list or database. |
ARABIC** |
Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number. |
ASIN |
Returns the arcsine of a number. |
ASINH |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. |
ATAN |
Returns the arctangent of a number. |
ATAN2 |
Returns the arctangent from x and y coordinates. |
ATANH |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
BASE** |
Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base). |
CEILING.MATH** |
Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
COMBIN |
Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects. |
COMBINA** |
Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items. |
COS |
Returns the cosine of a number. |
COSH |
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
COT** |
Returns the cotangent of an angle. |
COTH** |
Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number. |
CSC** |
Returns the cosecant of an angle. |
CSCH** |
Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle. |
DECIMAL** |
Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number. |
DEGREES |
Converts radians to degrees. |
EVEN |
Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer. |
EXP |
Returns e raised to the power of a given number. |
FACT |
Returns the factorial of a number. |
FACTDOUBLE |
Returns the double factorial of a number. |
FLOOR.MATH** |
Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
GCD |
Returns the greatest common divisor. |
INT |
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. |
LCM |
Returns the least common multiple. |
LN |
Returns the natural logarithm of a number. |
LOG |
Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base. |
LOG10 |
Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number. |
MDETERM |
Returns the matrix determinant of an array. |
MINVERSE |
Returns the matrix inverse of an array. |
MMULT |
Returns the matrix product of two arrays. |
MOD |
Returns the remainder from division. |
MROUND |
Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple. |
MULTINOMIAL |
Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers. |
MUNIT** |
Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension. |
ODD |
Rounds a number to the nearest odd integer away from zero. |
PI |
Returns the value of pi. |
POWER |
Returns the result of a number raised to a power. |
PRODUCT |
Multiplies its arguments. |
QUOTIENT |
Returns the integer portion of a division. |
RADIANS |
Converts degrees to radians. |
RAND |
Returns a random number between 0 and 1. |
RANDBETWEEN |
Returns a random number between the numbers that you specify. |
ROMAN |
Converts an Arabic numeral to Roman, as text. |
ROUND |
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits. |
ROUNDDOWN |
Rounds a number down, toward zero. |
ROUNDUP |
Rounds a number up, away from zero. |
SEC** |
Returns the secant of an angle. |
SECH** |
Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle. |
SERIESSUM |
Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula. |
SIGN |
Returns the sign of a number. |
SIN |
Returns the sine of the given angle. |
SINH |
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. |
SQRT |
Returns the square root of a number. |
SQRTPI |
Returns the square root of a number multiplied by pi. |
SUBTOTAL |
Returns a subtotal in a list or database. |
SUM |
Adds its arguments. |
SUMIF |
Adds the cells specified by a given criteria. |
SUMIFS |
Adds the cells specified by a multiple criteria. |
SUMPRODUCT |
Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components. |
SUMSQ |
Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments. |
SUMX2MY2* |
Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. |
SUMX2PY2* |
Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. |
SUMXMY2* |
Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays. |
TAN |
Returns the tangent of a number. |
TANH |
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
TRUNC |
Truncates a number to a specified precision. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2010.
** Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.11 Statistical Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
AVEDEV |
Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean. |
AVERAGE |
Returns the arithmetic mean of its arguments. |
AVERAGEA |
Returns the arithmetic mean of its arguments and includes evaluation of text and logical values. |
AVERAGEIF |
Returns the arithmetic mean for the cells specified by a given criterion. |
AVERAGEIFS |
Returns the arithmetic mean for the cells specified by multiple criteria. |
BETA.DIST* |
Returns the beta cumulative distribution function. |
BETA.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution. |
BINOM.DIST* |
Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability. |
BINOM.DIST.RANGE** |
Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution. |
BINOM.INV* |
Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value. |
CHISQ.DIST* |
Returns the chi-squared distribution. |
CHISQ.DIST.RT* |
Returns the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
CHISQ.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
CHISQ.INV.RT* |
Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
CHISQ.TEST* |
Returns the test for independence. |
CONFIDENCE.NORM* |
Returns the confidence interval for a population mean. |
CONFIDENCE.T* |
Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student’s t-distribution. |
CORREL |
Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets. |
COUNT |
Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments. |
COUNTA |
Counts how many values are in the list of arguments. |
COUNTBLANK |
Counts the number of blank cells in the argument range. |
COUNTIF |
Counts the number of cells that meet the criteria you specify in the argument. |
COUNTIFS |
Counts the number of cells that meet multiple criteria. |
COVARIANCE.P* |
Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations. |
COVARIANCE.S* |
Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products’ deviations for each data point pair in two data sets. |
DEVSQ |
Returns the sum of squares of deviations. |
EXPON.DIST* |
Returns the exponential distribution. |
F.DIST* |
Returns the F probability distribution. |
F.DIST.RT* |
Returns the F probability distribution. |
F.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
F.INV.RT* |
Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
F.TEST* |
Returns the result of an F-test. |
FISHER |
Returns the Fisher transformation. |
FISHERINV |
Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation. |
FORECAST.ETS*** |
Returns the forecasted value for a specific future target date using exponential smoothing method. |
FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT*** |
Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date. |
FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY*** |
Returns the length of the repetitive pattern detected for the specified time series. |
FORECAST.ETS.STAT*** |
Returns the requested statistic for the forecast. |
FORECAST.LINEAR*** |
Predicts a future value along a linear trend by using existing values. |
FREQUENCY |
Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array. |
GAMMA** |
Returns the gamma function value. |
GAMMA.DIST* |
Returns the gamma distribution. |
GAMMA.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. |
GAMMALN |
Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function. |
GAMMALN.PRECISE* |
Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function. |
GAUSS** |
Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
GEOMEAN |
Returns the geometric mean. |
GROWTH |
Returns values along an exponential trend. |
HARMEAN |
Returns the harmonic mean. |
HYPGEOM.DIST* |
Returns the hypergeometric distribution. |
INTERCEPT |
Returns the intercept of the linear regression line. |
KURT |
Returns the kurtosis of a data set. |
LARGE |
Returns the kth largest value in a data set. |
LINEST |
Returns the parameters of a linear trend. |
LOGEST |
Returns the parameters of an exponential trend. |
LOGNORM.DIST* |
Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution. |
LOGNORM.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution. |
MAX |
Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, ignoring logical values and text. |
MAXA |
Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including logical values and text. |
MEDIAN |
Returns the median of the given numbers. |
MIN |
Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments, ignoring logical values and text. |
MINA |
Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments, including logical values and text. |
MODE.MULT* |
Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring or repetitive values in an array or range of data. |
MODE.SNGL* |
Returns the most common value in a data set. |
NEGBINOM.DIST* |
Returns the negative binomial distribution. |
NORM.DIST* |
Returns the normal cumulative distribution. |
NORM.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution. |
NORM.S.DIST* |
Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
NORM.S.INV* |
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
PEARSON |
Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. |
PERCENTILE.EXC* |
Returns the kth percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0 through 1, exclusive. |
PERCENTILE.INC* |
Returns the kth percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0 through 1, inclusive. |
PERCENTRANK.EXC* |
Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0 through 1, exclusive) of the data set. |
PERCENTRANK.INC* |
Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0 through 1, inclusive) of the data set. |
PERMUT |
Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects. |
PERMUTATIONA** |
Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects. |
PHI** |
Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution. |
POISSON.DIST* |
Returns the Poisson distribution. |
PROB |
Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits. |
QUARTILE.EXC* |
Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0 through1, exclusive. |
QUARTILE.INC* |
Returns the quartile of a data set. |
RANK.AVG* |
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. |
RANK.EQ* |
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. |
RSQ |
Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. |
SKEW |
Returns the skewness of a distribution. |
SKEW.P** |
Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population. |
SLOPE |
Returns the slope of the linear regression line. |
SMALL |
Returns the kth smallest value in a data set. |
STANDARDIZE |
Returns a normalized value. |
STDEV.P* |
Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population. |
STDEV.S* |
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. |
STDEVA |
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including text and logical values. |
STDEVPA |
Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including text and logical values. |
STEYX |
Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression. |
T.DIST |
Returns the left-tailed Student’s t-distribution. |
T.DIST.2T* |
Returns the the two-tailed Student’s t-distribution. |
T.DIST.RT* |
Returns the right-tailed Student’s t-distribution. |
T.INV* |
Returns the left-tailed inverse of the Student’s t-distribution. |
T.INV.2T* |
Returns the two-tailed inverse of the Student’s t-distribution. |
T.TEST* |
Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test. |
TREND |
Returns values along a linear trend. |
TRIMMEAN |
Returns the mean of the interior of a data set. |
VAR.P* |
Calculates variance based on the entire population. |
VAR.S* |
Estimates variance based on a sample. |
VARA |
Estimates variance based on a sample, including logical values and text. |
VARPA |
Calculates variance based on the entire population, including logical values and text. |
WEIBULL.DIST* |
Returns the Weibull distribution. |
Z.TEST* |
Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2010.
** Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
*** Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2016.
Table A.12 Text Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
BAHTTEXT |
Converts a number to Baht text. |
CHAR |
Returns the character specified by the code number. |
CLEAN |
Removes all nonprintable characters from text. |
CODE |
Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string. |
CONCATENATE |
Joins several text strings into one text string. |
DOLLAR |
Converts a number to text, using currency format. |
EXACT |
Returns TRUE if two text strings are identical. |
FIND |
Returns the starting position of one text string within another (case sensitive). |
FIXED |
Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals. |
LEFT |
Returns the specified number of characters from the start of a text string. |
LEN |
Returns the number of characters in a text string. |
LOWER |
Converts text to lowercase. |
MID |
Returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify. |
NUMBERVALUE* |
Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner. |
PROPER |
Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text string. |
REPLACE |
Replaces part of a text string with a different text string. |
REPT |
Repeats text a given number of times. |
RIGHT |
Returns the specified number of characters from the end of a text string. |
SEARCH |
Returns the starting position of one text string within another (not case sensitive). |
SUBSTITUTE |
Substitutes new text for old text in a text string. |
T |
Returns the text argument or an empty string for a non-text argument. |
TEXT |
Formats a number and converts it to text. |
TRIM |
Removes excess spaces from text. |
UNICHAR* |
Returns the Unicode character that is referenced by the given numeric value. |
UNICODE* |
Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text. |
UPPER |
Converts text to uppercase. |
VALUE |
Converts a text argument to a number. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.
Table A.13 Web Category Functions
Function |
What It Does |
ENCODEURL* |
Returns a URL-encoded string. |
FILTERXML* |
Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath. |
WEBSERVICE* |
Returns data from a web service. |
* Indicates a function introduced in Excel 2013.